• Research Interests
• Brief History
• Teaching and Learning
• Publications
• Studentships
• Research Income
• Patents
• Media Interest
• Conference Presentations

Research Interests

• Environmental organic chemistry
• Structure, function and biosynthesis of natural products from marine organisms
• Pharmacological properties of marine natural products
• Organic photochemistry
• Context-based teaching in chemistry

Brief History

I am currently a Professor of Chemistry in the Centre for Chemical Sciences, School of Earth, Ocean and Environmental Sciences at the University of Plymouth. I obtained my BSc in Chemistry from the University of York, U.K. in 1985 and my DPhil from the same university in 1988 (Professor Robin Perutz) receiving the Kathleen Mary Stott award. Following post-doctoral terms as an SERC/NATO Fellow at the Universities of California, U.S.A. and Ottawa, Canada, I returned to the U.K. in September 1993 and took up the position of Lecturer in Environmental Chemistry at the University of Plymouth. I was appointed to Senior Lecturer in September 1997, to Principal Lecturer in September 1999 and to Professor in September 2005.

My research interests focus on applications of environmental organic chemistry and chemical education. For the former, I am currently using a multi-proxy approach to reconstruct polar sea ice records for the Holocene period. This work is funded by the NERC in the UK, and I am also a member of the ArcticNet and CFL projects which are based in Canada. In 1996, I was a recipient of a RSC JWT Jones Travelling Fellowship to Ottawa, Canada and, in 2001, I received a further fellowship to visit the University of Nantes, France. In 2003, I received the Higher Education Teaching Award from the Royal Society of Chemistry and was given the Chemical Synthesis Services award for teaching in 2005. In 2007, I was awarded a BA Media Fellowship, spending time with BBC Horizon and the Royal Society and writing articles ("Nano Stores the Planet", "Public Perspectives on Research" and "Watery Secrets") at the BA Festival of Science meeting at the University of York. I was awarded a National Teaching Fellowship by the Higher Education Academy in 2010.

I have received grants from The Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), The Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC), The Royal Society, The European Social Fund, The Higher Education Academy, The British Council, The LGC, HEFCE, SERC, The Seale Hayne Educational Trust and The University of Plymouth.

I am a Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry and of the Higher Education Academy, and a member of the NERC Peer Review College (2008-2011), the Royal Society of Chemistry Tertiary Education Group Committee and the Advisory Group for the HEA Physical Sciences Subject Centre.

Teaching and Learning

I use a Context/Problem Based Learning (C/PBL) approach to my teaching which covers mainly organic chemistry, NMR spectroscopy and laboratory work. I have received awards from various funding bodies (HEA, RSC, Royal Society) to develop these areas further and, in collaboration with Professor Tina Overton (Director of the HEA Physical Sciences Subject Centre), I have written a series of context-based case studies for analytical and core chemistry. I have also co-written mathematics packages for chemists with Dr Robin Horan and Dr Martin Lavelle (School of Maths and Statistics, University of Plymouth) and I have developed PBL laboratory work for undergraduates and for schools. I am currently working on a project funded under the Chemistry For Our Future program (RSC/HEFCE) investigating the effectiveness of C/PBL in undergraduate chemistry courses.

Recent Publications

In Press, Submitted or In Preparation

• Axford, Y., Andresen, C.S., Andrews, J.T., Belt, S.T., Geirsdóttir, Á., Massé, G., Miller, G.H., Ólafsdóttir, S. and Vare, L.L. Do paleoclimate proxies agree? A test comparing nineteen climate and sea-ice reconstructions from Icelandic marine and lake sediments. Journal of Quaternary Science. (Submitted).
• Belt, S.T., Brown T.A., Cabedo-Sanz, P. and Navarro-Rodriguez, A. Structural confirmation of the sea ice biomarker IP₂₅ found in Arctic marine sediments. Organic Geochemistry. (Submitted).
• Brown, T.A. and Belt, S.T. Extraction, identification and quantification of the Arctic sea ice proxy IP₂₅ from marine sediments. Analytical Methods. (Submitted).
• Brown T.A., Belt, S.T. and Piepenburg, D. The Pan-Arctic occurrence of the sea ice diatom biomarker IP₂₅ and related highly branched isoprenoid (HBI) lipids in sea urchin Strongylocentrotus spec.; further evidence for a sea ice diatom diet in Arctic macrobenthos. (Submitted).
• Brown T.A. and Belt S.T. (2011) Identification of the sea ice diatom biomarker IP₂₅ in Arctic benthic macrofauna: direct evidence for a sea ice diatom diet in Arctic heterotrophs. Polar Biology. [doi: 10.1007/s00300-011-1045-7].
• Brown, T.A., Belt. S., Mundy, C., Philippe, B., Massé, G. and Poulin, M. (2011) Temporal and vertical variations of lipid biomarkers during a bottom ice diatom bloom in the Canadian Beaufort Sea: further evidence for the use of the IP₂₅ biomarker as a proxy for spring Arctic sea ice. Polar Biology. [doi: 10.1007/s00300-010-0942-5].
• Massé, G., Belt, S.T., Crosta, X., Schmidt, S., Snape, I., Thomas, D.N. and Rowland, S.J. Highly branched isoprenoids as proxies for variable sea ice conditions in the Southern Ocean. Antarctic Science. (In press). [doi: 10.1017/S0954102011000381].

2011

• Rontani, J.-F., Belt, S.T., Vaultier, F. and Brown, T.A. (2011) Visible light induced photo-oxidation of highly branched isoprenoid (HBI) alkenes: Significant dependence on the number and nature of double bonds. Organic Geochemistry 42, 812-822. [doi: 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2011.04.013.].

2010

• Belt, S.T., Vare, L.L., Massé, G., Manners, H.R., Price, J.C., MacLachlan, S.E., Andrews, J.T. and Schmidt, S. (2010) Striking similarities in temporal changes to seasonal sea ice conditions across the central Canadian Arctic Archipelago over the last 7,000 years. Quaternary Science Reviews 29, 3489-3504. [doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.06.041].
• Gregory, T.R., Smart, C.W., Hart, M.B., Massé, G., Vare, L.L. and Belt S.T. (2010) Holocene palaeoceanographic changes in Barrow Strait, Canadian Arctic: foraminiferal evidence. Journal of Quaternary Science 25, 903-910. [doi: 10.1002/jqs.1367].
• Vare, L.L., Massé, G. and Belt, S.T. (2010) A biomarker-based reconstruction of sea ice conditions for the Barents Sea in recent centuries. The Holocene 20, 637-643. [doi: 10.1177/0959683609355179].

2009

• Andrews, J.T., Belt, S.T., Olafsdottir, S., Massé, G. and Vare, L.L. (2009) Sea ice and marine climate variability for NW Iceland/Denmark Strait over the last 2000 cal. yr BP. The Holocene 19, 775-784. [doi: 10.1177/0959683609105302].
• Belt, S.T. (2009) Impacts of assessment in problem-based learning: A case study from chemistry. New Directions in the Teaching of Physical Sciences 5, 16-21. [ISSN: 1740-9888; web access].
• Müller, J., Massé, G., Stein, R. and Belt, S.T. (2009) Variability of sea ice conditions in the Fram Strait over the past 30,000 years. Nature Geoscience 2, 772-776. [doi: 10.1038/ngeo665]. This publication is featured in the Backstory and News and Views sections of the Journal.
• Vare, L.L., Massé, G., Gregory, T.R., Smart, C.W. and Belt, S.T. (2009) Sea ice variations in the central Canadian Arctic Archipelago during the Holocene. Quaternary Science Reviews 28, 1354-1366. [doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.01.013].

2008

• Belt, S.T., Massé, G., Vare, L.L., Rowland, S.J., Poulin, M., Sicre, M.-A., Sampei, M. and Fortier, L. (2008) Distinctive ¹³C isotopic signature distinguishes a novel sea ice biomarker in Arctic sediments and sediment traps. Marine Chemistry 112, 158-167. [doi: 10.1016/j.marchem.2008.09.002].
• Booth, A.M., Scarlett, A.G., Lewis, C.A., Belt, S.T. and Rowland, S.J. (2008) Unresolved complex mixtures (UCMs) of aromatic hydrocarbons: Branched alkyl indanes and branched alkyl tetralins are present in UCMs and accumulated by and toxic to, the mussel Mytilus edulis. Environmental Science & Technology 42, 8122-8126. [doi: 10.1021/es801601x].
• Jervis, L., Jervis, L. and Belt, S.T. (2008) Halogenating enzymes in organic synthesis. Education in Chemistry 45, 24-28. [web access].
• Massé, G., Rowland, S.J., Sicre, M.-A., Jacob, J., Jansen, E. and Belt, S.T. (2008) Abrupt climate changes for Iceland during the last millennium: Evidence from high resolution sea ice reconstructions. Earth Planetary Science Letters 269, 564-568. [doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2008.03.017].
• Smith, B.E., Lewis, C.A., Belt, S.T., Whitby, C. and Rowland, S.J. (2008) Effects of alkyl chain branching on the biotransformation of naphthenic acids. Environmental Science & Technology 42, 9323-9328. [doi: 10.1021/es801922p].

2007

• Belt, S.T. and Overton, T.L. (2007) Active Learning: Models from the analytical sciences – Context-based case studies in analytical chemistry. ACS Symposium Series 970, 87-99.
• Belt, S.T., Massé, G., Rowland, S.J., Poulin, M., Michel, C. and LeBlanc, B. (2007) A novel chemical fossil of palaeo sea ice: IP₂₅. Organic Geochemistry 38, 16-27. [doi: 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2006.09.013].

2006

• Belt, S.T. and Kendall, S.B. (2006) Getting nosy with handy chemicals. Education in Chemistry 43(1), 15-17.
• Belt, S.T., Massé, G., Rowland, S.J. and Rohmer, M. (2006) Highly branched isoprenoid alcohols and epoxides in the diatom Haslea ostrearia Simonsen. Organic Geochemistry 37, 133-145. [doi: 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2005.10.005].

2005

• Belt, S.T., Leisvik, M.J., Hyde, A.J. and Overton, T.L. (2005) Using a context-based approach to undergraduate chemistry teaching – a case study for introductory physical chemistry. Chemistry Education Research and Practice 6, 166-179. [Full Text PDF].
• Clough R., Belt S.T., Fairman B., Catterick T. and Evans E.H. (2005) Uncertainty contributions to single and double isotope dilution mass spectrometry with HPLC-CV-MC-ICP-MS for the determination of methylmercury in fish tissue. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectroscopy 20, 1072-1075. [doi: 10.1039/b502670a].
• Fitzsimons, M.F. and Belt, S.T. (2005) Dynamic behaviour of 1-aminopropan-2-one in sewage: a preliminary synthetic and spectroscopic study. Environmental Chemistry Letters 3, 70-73. [doi: 10.1007/s10311-005-0005-2].

2004

• Massé, G., Belt, S.T., Allard, W.G., Lewis, C.A., Wakeham, S.G. and Rowland, S.J. (2004) Occurrence of novel monocyclic alkenes from diatoms in marine sedimenting particles and sediments. Organic Geochemistry 35, 813-822. [doi: 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2004.03.004].
• Massé, G., Belt, S.T. and Rowland, S.J. (2004) Biosynthesis of unusual monocyclic alkenes by the diatom, Rhizosolenia setigera (Brightwell). Phytochemistry 65, 1101-1106. [doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2004.02.019].
• Massé, G., Belt, S.T., Rowland, S.J. and Rohmer, M. (2004) Isoprenoid biosynthesis in the diatoms Rhizosolenia setigera (Brightwell) and Haslea ostrearia (Simonsen). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 101, 4413-4418. [doi: 10.1073/pnas.0400902101].
• Poulin, M., Massé, G., Belt, S.T., Delavault, P., Rousseau, F., Robert, J.-M. and Rowland, S.J. (2004) Morphological, biochemical and molecular evidence for the transfer of Gyrosigma nipkowii Meister to the genus Haslea (Bacillariophyta). European Journal of Phycology 39, 181-195. [doi: 10.1080/0967026042000202136]
• Sinninghe Damsté, J.S., Muyzer, G., Abbas, B., Rampen, S.W., Massé, G., Allard, W.G., Belt, S.T., Robert, J.-M., Rowland, S.J., Moldowan, J.M., Barbanti, S.M., Fago, F.J., Denisevich, P., Dahl, J., Trinidade, L.A.F., and Schouten, S. (2004) The rise of rhizosolenid diatoms. Science 304, 584-587. [doi: 10.1126/science.1096806].

2003

• Belt, S.T. (2003) Preparing for fieldwork - A case study from the environmental sciences. In: A Handbook for Teaching & Learning in HE, eds. Fry, Kettridge and Marshall, Kogan Page (ISBN 0 7494 3877 0) p. 265-266.
• Belt, S.T., Massé, G., Allard, W.G., Robert, J.-M. and Rowland, S.J. (2003) Novel monocyclic sester- and triterpenoids from the marine diatom, Rhizosolenia setigera. Tetrahedron Letters 44, 9103-9106.
• Clough, R., Belt, S.T., Evans, E.H., Fairman, B. and Catterick, T. (2003) Investigation of equilibration and uncertainty contributions for the determination of inorganic mercury and methylmercury by isotope dilution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Analytica Chimica Acta 500, 155-170.
• Clough, R., Belt, S.T., Evans, H.E., Fairman, B. and Catterick, T. (2003) Uncertainty contributions to species specific isotope dilution analysis. Part 2. Determination of methylmercury by HPLC coupled with quadrupole and multicollector ICP-MS. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 18, 1039-1046.
• Clough, R., Belt, S.T., Evans, H.E., Fairman, B. and Catterick, T. (2003) Isotope dilution ICP-MS for speciation studies. Applied Spectroscopy Reviews 38, 101-132.
• Clough, R., Belt, S.T., Evans, E.H., Sutton, P., Fairman, B. and Catterick, T. (2003) Uncertainty contributions to species specific isotope dilution analysis. Part 1. Characterisation and stability of ¹⁹⁹Hg and ¹³C isotopically enriched methylmercury by ¹H NMR. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 18, 1033-1038.
• Summerfield, S, Overton, T. and Belt, S. (2003) Problem-solving case studies. Analytical Chemistry 75, 181A-182A.

2002

• Belt, S.T., Evans, E.H., McCreedy, T., Overton, T.L. and Summerfield, S. (2002) A Problem based learning approach to analytical and applied chemistry. University Chemistry Education 6, 65-72 [Full Text PDF / Full Text HTML].
• Belt, S.T., Massé, G., Allard, W.G., Robert, J.-M. and Rowland, S.J. (2002) Effects of auxosporulation on distributions of C₂₅ and C₃₀ isoprenoid alkenes in Rhizosolenia setigera. Phytochemistry 59, 141-149.
• Belt, S.T., Overton, T.L. and Summerfield, S. (2002) The use of case studies in teaching science. In: The International Simulations and Gaming Handbook, volume 9, SAGSET.

2001

• Allard, W.G., Belt, S.T., Massé, G., Naumann, R., Robert, J.-M. and Rowland, S.J. (2001) Tetra-unsaturated sesterterpenoids (Haslenes) from Haslea ostrearia and related species. Phytochemistry 56, 795-800.
• Belt, S.T. (2001) Problem based learning - A case study from the environmental sciences. In: PLANET: Problem Based Learning. LTSN GEES Subject Centre Special Publication, pp. 17-18. (ISSN 1473-1835).
• Belt, S.T., Allard, W.G., Johns, L., König, W.A., Massé, G., Robert, J.-M. and Rowland, S. (2001) Variable stereochemistry in highly branched isoprenoids from diatoms. Chirality 13, 415-419.
• Belt, S.T., Allard, W.G., Massé, G., Robert, J.-M. and Rowland, S.J. (2001) Structural characterisation of C₃₀ highly branched isoprenoid alkenes (rhizenes) in the marine diatom Rhizosolenia setigera. Tetrahedron Letters 42, 5583-5585.
• Belt, S.T., Massé, G., Allard, W.G., Robert, J.-M. and Rowland, S.J. (2001) Identification of a C₂₅ highly branched isoprenoid triene in the freshwater diatom Navicula sclesvicensis. Organic Geochemistry 32, 1169-1172.
• Belt, S.T., Massé, G., Allard, W.G., Robert, J.-M. and Rowland, S.J. (2001) C₂₅ highly branched isoprenoid alkenes in planktonic diatoms of the Pleurosigma genus. Organic Geochemistry 32 1271-1275.
• Massé, G., Poulin, M., Belt, S.T., Barreau, A., Robert, J.-M., Rincé, Y. and Rowland, S.J. (2001) A simple method for SEM examination of sectioned diatom frustules. Journal of Microscopy-Oxford 204, 87-92.
• Massé, G., Rince, Y., Cox, E., Allard, W.G., Belt, S. and Rowland, S.J. (2001) Haslea salstonica sp. nov. and Haslea pseudostrearia sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta), two new epibenthic diatoms from the Kingsbridge estuary, United Kingdom. Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences Serie III-Sciences de la Vie 334, 617-626.
• Rowland, S.J., Allard, W.G., Belt, S.T., Massé, G., Robert, J.-M., Blackburn, S., Frampton, D., Revill, A.T. and Volkman, J.K. (2001) Factors influencing the distributions of polyunsaturated terpenoids in the diatom, Rhizosolenia setigera. Phytochemistry. 58, 717-728.
• Rowland, S.J., Belt, S.T., Wraige, E.J., Massé, G., Roussakis, C. and Robert, J.-M. (2001) Effects of temperature on polyunsaturation in cytostatic lipids of Haslea ostrearia. Phytochemistry 56, 597-602.
• Williams, C.E., Lowry, R.B., Braven, J. and Belt, S.T. (2001) Novel synthesis and characterisation of ruthenium tris(4-methyl-4'-vinyl-2,2'-bipyridine) complexes. Inorganica Chimica Acta 315, 112-119.

2000

• Belt, S.T., Allard, W.G., Massé, G., Robert, J.-M. and Rowland, S.J. (2000) Highly branched isoprenoids (HBIs): Identification of the most common and abundant sedimentary isomers. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 64, 3839-3851.
• Belt, S.T., Allard, G., Massé, G., Robert, J.-M. and Rowland, S.J. (2000) Important sedimentary sesterterpenoids from the diatom Pleurosigma intermedium. Chemical Communications, 501-502.
• Belt, S.T., Allard, W.G., Rintatalo, J., Johns, L.A., van Duin, A.C.T. and Rowland, S.J. (2000) Clay and acid catalysed isomerisation and cyclisation reactions of highly branched isoprenoid alkenes: implications for sedimentary reactions and distributions. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 64, 3337-3345.
• Johns, L., Belt, S., Lewis, C.A., Rowland, S., Massé, G., Robert, J.-M. and König, W.A. (2000) Configurations of polyunsaturated sesterterpenoids from the diatom, Haslea ostrearia. Phytochemistry 53, 607-611.

Studentships

Studentships since 1996:

Research Income

Income since 1996:

Patents

Patents since 1996:

• GB-9708934.6 (1997) Chemotherapeutic hydrocarbons from diatomaceous algae. Rowland, S.J., Belt, S.T., Roussakis, C. and Robert, J.-M.
• GB-9902636.1 (1999) Antibiotic and antiviral compounds.

Media Interest

• BBC website, 28 May 2008, Trying to Head Off an Arctic 'Gold Rush'.
• The Dan Rather Reports, November/December 2007, A Crack in the Ice (see from about 7 minutes 20 seconds).
• Western Morning News (Devon), 12 December 2007, page 18, I've see the Polar Ice Cap Melting Fast.
• The Plymouth Herald, 11 December 2007, page 8, Meltdown.
• Radio Devon, 11 December 2007.
• Atlantic FM, 11 December 2007.
• Plymouth Sound, 11 December 2007.
• Western Morning News (Devon), 8 December 2007, page 18, Scientists to Share their Climate Change Stories.
• Western Morning News (Devon), 3 November 2007, page 30, Ice Research May Help Predict Climate Change.
• BBC Ten O'Clock News (e.g. see Polar Bears in the Arctic Region).
• Radio Devon, 24 October 2007.
• BBC Spotlight, 24 October 2007.
• BBC website, 15 October 2007, Arctic Muds Reveal Sea Ice Record.
• BBC website, 15 October 2007, Northwest Passage: Your Questions Answered.
• Western Morning News (Devon), 23 May 2002, page 25, Scientist Set to Explore Origins of Life on Earth.
• The Plymouth Herald, 20 May 2002, page 7, Scientist Studies the Bubbles that Created Life.

International & National Conference Presentations (since 1996)

2010

• 21^st Annual Meeting of the British Organic Geochemical Society, Manchester, U.K., 6-7 July 2010 (oral, colleague).
• Nordic Environmental Chemistry Conference, Svalbard, Norway, 2-5 March 2010 (invited oral).
• Royal Society of Chemistry, Nyholm Symposium, University of Liverpool, U.K., 24 February 2010 (invited speaker).

2009

• American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting 2009, San Francisco, U.S.A., 14-18 December 2009 (invited oral).
• UK Polar Network (UKPN) / Association of Polar Early Career Scientists (APECS) Arctic Marine Sciences Workshop, Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Plymouth, U.K., 12-13 October 2009 (invited oral and workshop).
• Agilent Technologies Environmental/Food GC-MS, LC-MS Users Meeting, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, U.K., 9-11 September 2009 (invited oral).
• UK Arctic Science Conference 2009, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, U.K., 13-15 July 2009 (oral).
• 20^th Annual Meeting of the British Organic Geochemical Society, Bristol, U.K., 7-8 July 2009 (oral, colleague).
• Gordon Research Conference, Polar Marine Science - Beyond IPY: Crossing Boundaries, Lucca (Barga), Italy, 15-20 March 2009 (invited oral; poster, colleague).

2008

• American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting 2008, San Francisco, U.S.A., 15-19 December 2008 (oral, colleague).
• EGU General Assembly 2008, Vienna, Austria, 13-18 April 2008 (oral, colleague).
• Seminar, CCGS Amundsen, Canadian Arctic, Canada, 20 March 2008 (oral, colleague).
• Seminar, Tromsø, Norway, 22 January 2008 (oral, colleague).
• Arctic Frontiers, Tromsø, Norway, 21-27 January 2008 (poster, colleague).

2007

• 23^rd International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry, Torquay, U.K., 9-14 September 2007 (oral, colleague).
• 5^th IWA Specialised Conference on Assessment and Control of Micropollutants/Hazardous Substances in Water (MICROPOL & ECOHAZARD 2007), Frankfurt/Main, Germany, 17–20 June 2007 (oral, colleague).

2006

• Arctic Net 3^rd Annual Scientific Meeting. Victoria, Canada, 12-15 December 2006 (poster; colleague).
• American Geophysical Union. San Francisco U.S.A., 11-15 December 2006 (poster; colleague).
• HOLIVAR2006 Natural Climate Variability and Global Warming UCL, London, U.K., 12-15 June 2006 (poster).
• European Geosciences Union (EGU) General Assembly, Biogeosciences, Vienna, Austria, 2-7 April 2006 (invited oral, colleague).
• Ussher Society, 44^th Annual Conference, Bideford, U.K., 3-5 January 2006 (invited oral, colleague).

2005

• 2^nd Annual ArcticNet Scientific Meeting (ASM2005), Banff, Canada, 13-16 December 2005, (poster).
• ESF Exploratory Workshop - Life, Environmental and Earth Sciences (LESC), Delmenhorst, Germany 12-16 December 2005 (invited oral and poster, colleague).
• Geological Society Meeting, London, U.K., 3-4 October 2005 (oral, colleague).
• 17^th Annual Meeting of the British Organic Geochemical Society, Liverpool, U.K., 14-15 July 2005, (oral, colleague).
• Royal Society of Chemistry Meeting and Postgraduate Industry Tour, Newcastle, U.K., 18-20 April 2005, (poster, colleague).
• Society of Chemical Industry (SCI) Meeting, Pharmaceuticals in the Environment: Fate, Effects and Regulation, London, U.K., 1 March 2005, (poster, colleague).

2004

• 5^th European Meeting on Environmental Chemistry, Bari, Italy, 15-18 December 2004, (poster, colleague).
• 16^th Annual Meeting of the British Organic Geochemistry Society, Nottingham, U.K., 14-15 July 2004, (poster, colleague).

2003

• 21^st International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry, Kraków, Poland, 8-12 September 2003 (oral).
• 16^th International Mass Spectrometry Conference, Edinburgh, Scotland, 1-5 September 2003 (poster, colleague).
• 3^rd Analytical Research Forum, Sunderland, U.K., 21-23 July 2003 (poster, colleague).
• European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany, 12-17 January 2003 (poster, colleague).

2002

• 3^rd European Meeting on Environmental Chemistry, Geneva, Switzerland, 11-14 December 2002 (oral).
• 21^ème Colloque de l'Association des Diatomistes de Langue Française, Nantes, France, 10-13 September 2002 (oral, colleague).
• 14^th International Symposium on Chirality, Hamburg, Germany, 8-12 September 2002 (poster, colleague).
• 17^th International Diatom Symposium, Ottawa, Canada, 25-31 August 2002 (oral, colleague).
• 23^rd International Symposium on the Chemistry of Natural Products, Florence, Italy, 28 July-2 August 2002 (oral; poster).
• 2^nd Analytical Research Forum, Kingston, U.K., 15-17 July 2002 (poster, colleague).
• 11^th Biennial National Atomic Spectroscopy Symposium, Loughborough, U.K., 8-10 July 2002 (oral, colleague; poster, colleague).
• Royal Society of Chemistry Analytical Division Atomic Spectroscopy Group AGM, Teddington, U.K., 27 February 2002 (oral, colleague).

2001

• Federation of Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy Societies, Detroit, MI, U.S.A., 24-29 October 2001 (oral, colleague).
• 20^th International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry (IMOG 2001), Nancy, France, 10-14 September 2001 (poster).
• 1^st Analytical Research Forum, Norwich, U.K., 16-18 July 2001 (poster, colleague).
• SAGSET 2001 - Employability: The Role of Games, Simulations and Case Studies, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K., July 2001 (oral, colleague).
• 6^th International Symposium-Applied Bioinorganic Chemistry, Cardiff, U.K. 21 June 2001 (poster, colleague).
• 11^th European Union of Geosciences Conference, Strasbourg, France, April 2001 (oral, colleague).

2000

• 19^th Colloque de l'Association des Diatomistes de Langue Francaise, Mont-Rigi, Belgium, 12-15 September 2000 (poster).
• Symposium on Biological Chirality, Szeged, Hungary, 27-31 August 2000 (plenary oral).
• 16^th International Diatom Symposium 2000, Athens, Greece, 25 August-1 September 2000 (poster).

1999

• 19^th International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey, 6-10 September 1999 (oral, colleague).

1998

• Symposium on Biological Homochirality, Serramazzoni, Modena, Italy, 6-12 September 1998 (oral).
• 9^th International Symposium on Marine Natural Products, Townsville, Australia, July 1998 (oral, colleague; poster).

1997

• 1^st Euroconference on Marine Natural Products, Athens, Greece, 2-6 November 1997 (oral).
• 18^th International Meeting on Advances in Organic Geochemistry, Maastricht, The Netherlands, 22-26 September 1997 (oral, colleague).
• American Chemical Society. 213^th International Meeting, San Francisco, U.S.A., April 1997 (oral, colleague).

Chemical Education Conference Presentations and Workshops

2009

• European Variety in Chemistry Education, University of Manchester, Manchester, U.K., 2-4 September 2009 (workshop leader).

2008

• Variety in Chemistry Education, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland, 28-29 August 2008 (workshop leader).
• HEA Physical Sciences Subject Centre: C/PBL Special Interest Group Meeting, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K., 21 May 2008 (invited speaker).
• Learning and Teaching in the Sciences 2008, University of Leicester, Leicester, U.K., 20 May 2008 (invited speaker).

2006

• West Midlands Chemistry Teachers Centre, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K., 10 January 2006 (RSC invited speaker).

2005

• 6^th Variety in Irish Chemistry Teaching Conference, Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin, Ireland, 23 March 2005 (Chemical Synthesis Services invited oral).

2004

• RSC Invited Speaker, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, U.K., 20 October 2004.
• RSC Invited Speaker, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, U.K., 27 September 2004.
• RSC Invited Speaker, The University of Hull, U.K., 15 September 2004.
• Variety in Chemistry Education, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, U.K., 5-7 September 2004 (invited speaker).
• RSC Invited Speaker, University College London, London, U.K., 5 July 2004.
• RSC Invited Speaker, The Open University, Milton Keynes, U.K., 1 July 2004.

2003

• Variety in Chemistry Teaching, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland, 31 August-2 September 2003 (oral)

2002

• Variety in Chemistry Teaching, University of Keele, Keele, U.K., 9-10 September 2002 (workshop leader; poster).

2001

• Variety in Chemistry Teaching, University of Lancaster, Lancaster, U.K., 17-18 September 2001 (workshop leader; oral, colleague; poster).
• 6^th European Conference on Research In Chemical Education and 2^nd European Conference in Chemical Education, Portugal, 4-8 September 2001 (oral; poster).
• UK Analytical Partnerships Skills Network, Teaching Analytical Chemistry in Undergraduate Courses, Royal Society of Chemistry, London, U.K., March 2001 (oral, colleague).

2000

• LTSN Physical Sciences Centre Professional Development Workshop, New Directions in Problem Solving, UMIST, Manchester, U.K., 25 October 2000 (workshop leader).
• Variety in Chemistry Teaching, University of Lancaster, Lancaster, U.K., 4-5 September 2000 (poster).

1999

• RSC Annual Conference, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, U.K., 6-10 September 1999 (workshop leader).
• Project IMPROVE Workshop for Higher Education Chemistry Teaching, University of Warwick, Warwick, U.K., 17 June 1999 (workshop leader).
• Project IMPROVE Workshop for Higher Education Chemistry Teaching, University of Warwick, Warwick, U.K., 19 February 1999 (workshop leader).

1998

• Project IMPROVE Directors of Study Meeting, London, U.K., 11 November 1998 (oral).